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Protesilaus (/ˌprɒtɪsɪˈleɪəs/; Ancient Greek: Πρωτεσίλᾱος, romanized: Prōtesilāos) was a hero in the Iliad who was venerated at cult sites in Thessaly and Thrace. He was originally known as Iolaus but was referred to as "Protesilaus" after being the first (πρῶτος, protos) to leap ashore at Troy, and thus the first to die in the war.
Protesilaus was one of the suitors of Helen. He brought forty black ships with him to Troy. He was the first to land: "the first man who dared to leap ashore when the Greek fleet touched the Troad", Pausanias recalled, quoting the author of the epic tale called the Cypria. An oracle by Thetis had prophesied that the first Greek to walk on the land after stepping off a ship in the Trojan War would be the first to die, and so, after killing four men, he was himself slain by Hector. Alternate sources have him slain by either Aeneas, Euphorbus, Achates, or Cycnus.
Another legend claims that Odysseus threw his shield on the beach and jumped upon it. Tricked Protesilaus thinking that Odysseus was the first who stepped on Trojan soil, jumped second and died afterwards.
The gods had pity on his widow, Laodamia, and brought him up from Hades to see her. She was at first overjoyed, thinking he had returned from Troy, but after the gods returned him to the underworld, she found the loss unbearable. She had a bronze statue of her late husband constructed, and devoted herself to it. After her worried father had witnessed her behavior, he had it destroyed; however, Laodamia jumped into the fire with it. Another source claims his wife was Polydora, daughter of Meleager.
Mythologie waar Protesilaus bij hoort: Grieks
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Protesilaus is de echtgenoot van Laodamia.
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Protesilaus is onderdeel van de Ilias-personages.